在 Manjaro Linux 系统使用 Docker¶
安装并启动¶
安装 Docker ：
$ sudo pacman -S docker
正在解析依赖关系...
正在查找软件包冲突...
软件包 (1) docker-1:19.03.5-1
全部安装大小： 181.99 MiB
:: 进行安装吗？ [Y/n] Y
(1/1) 正在检查密钥环里的密钥 [####################################] 100%
(1/1) 正在检查软件包完整性 [####################################] 100%
(1/1) 正在加载软件包文件 [####################################] 100%
(1/1) 正在检查文件冲突 [####################################] 100%
(1/1) 正在检查可用存储空间 [####################################] 100%
:: 正在处理软件包的变化...
(1/1) 正在安装 docker [####################################] 100%
docker 的可选依赖
btrfs-progs: btrfs backend support [已安装]
pigz: parallel gzip compressor support
:: 正在运行事务后钩子函数...
(1/4) Creating system user accounts...
(2/4) Reloading system manager configuration...
(3/4) Reloading device manager configuration...
(4/4) Arming ConditionNeedsUpdate...
启动 Docker 服务：
$ sudo systemctl start docker.service
如果有需要的话还可以把 Docker 添加到启动项， 让 Docker 在每次系统启动时自动运行：
$ sudo systemctl enable docker.service
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.
将用户添加到 Docker 组中¶
Docker 默认只能通过 root 权限执行操作，
但通过将用户添加到 docker 用户组可以规避这一点：
sudo usermod -aG docker huangz
注销然后重新登录之后就可以直接执行 Docker 命令了。
使用国内镜像¶
Docker 默认使用的是外国源， 访问速度很慢而且很容易断线， 为此我们可以使用国内的镜像来代替默认的源。
打开或创建 /etc/docker/daemon.json 文件，
将选中的镜像地址添加到 registry-mirrors 数组里面（可同时填入多个镜像）：
{
"registry-mirrors": [
"https://registry.docker-cn.com"
]
}
这里的 registry.docker-cn.com 是 Docker 的官方中国镜像，
除此之外还有其他一些第三方镜像可选：
镜像 |
地址 |
|---|---|
Azure 中国 |
|
中科大 |
|
七牛云 |
|
网易云 |
|
腾讯云 |
|
保存文件之后重启一下 Docker 服务：
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker
之后再次拉取应该就能够享受到镜像的加速效果了。
搜索和拉取映像（image）¶
查找“redis”相关的映像：
$ docker search redis
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
redis Redis is an open source key-value store that… 7827 [OK]
bitnami/redis Bitnami Redis Docker Image 136 [OK]
sameersbn/redis 79 [OK]
grokzen/redis-cluster Redis cluster 3.0, 3.2, 4.0 & 5.0 63
rediscommander/redis-commander Alpine image for redis-commander - Redis man… 34 [OK]
kubeguide/redis-master redis-master with "Hello World!" 31
redislabs/redis Clustered in-memory database engine compatib… 24
redislabs/redisearch Redis With the RedisSearch module pre-loaded… 20
arm32v7/redis Redis is an open source key-value store that… 20
oliver006/redis_exporter Prometheus Exporter for Redis Metrics. Supp… 18
webhippie/redis Docker images for Redis 10 [OK]
insready/redis-stat Docker image for the real-time Redis monitor… 9 [OK]
s7anley/redis-sentinel-docker Redis Sentinel 9 [OK]
bitnami/redis-sentinel Bitnami Docker Image for Redis Sentinel 9 [OK]
redislabs/redisgraph A graph database module for Redis 9 [OK]
arm64v8/redis Redis is an open source key-value store that… 8
redislabs/redismod An automated build of redismod - latest Redi… 6 [OK]
centos/redis-32-centos7 Redis in-memory data structure store, used a… 4
circleci/redis CircleCI images for Redis 3 [OK]
frodenas/redis A Docker Image for Redis 2 [OK]
runnable/redis-stunnel stunnel to redis provided by linking contain… 1 [OK]
wodby/redis Redis container image with orchestration 1 [OK]
tiredofit/redis Redis Server w/ Zabbix monitoring and S6 Ove… 1 [OK]
xetamus/redis-resource forked redis-resource 0 [OK]
cflondonservices/redis Docker image for running redis 0
拉取 redis 映像（默认标签为 latest）：
$ docker pull redis
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/redis
bc51dd8edc1b: Already exists
37d80eb324ee: Already exists
392b7748dfaf: Already exists
48df82c3534d: Pull complete
2ec2bb0b4b0e: Pull complete
1302bce0b2cb: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:7b84b346c01e5a8d204a5bb30d4521bcc3a8535bbf90c660b8595fad248eae82
Status: Downloaded newer image for redis:latest
docker.io/library/redis:latest
拉取标签（版本）为 rc 的 redis 映像：
$ docker pull redis:rc
rc: Pulling from library/redis
bc51dd8edc1b: Already exists
37d80eb324ee: Already exists
392b7748dfaf: Already exists
a1b0f06a879d: Already exists
ddf53851e8fb: Already exists
cacb31381ac1: Already exists
Digest: sha256:0d9535132a352fabbf7cce287286e80cf1ecebc7b18a949bd547ba24413142df
Status: Downloaded newer image for redis:rc
docker.io/library/redis:rc
查看已有映像：
$ docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
redis latest 44d36d2c2374 2 weeks ago 98.2MB
redis rc 9220658d0dd7 2 weeks ago 104MB
ubuntu latest ccc6e87d482b 5 weeks ago 64.2MB
运行映像创建容器¶
根据映像创建容器（实例）：
$ docker run --name myredis -d redis
f6b2ed42676c8f8e6499fc14a41ce188701d47f1bd2fac4db735455f24264096
每个容器的使用方法都不完全一样， 在使用前需要查看文档。
查看正在运行的容器的状态：
$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
f6b2ed42676c redis "docker-entrypoint.s…" 9 seconds ago Up 7 seconds 6379/tcp myredis
停止并移除容器：
$ docker stop myredis
$ docker rm myredis
查看相关信息¶
$ docker info
Client:
Debug Mode: false
Server:
Containers: 1
Running: 0
Paused: 0
Stopped: 1
Images: 2
Server Version: 19.03.5-ce
Storage Driver: overlay2
Backing Filesystem: extfs
Supports d_type: true
Native Overlay Diff: false
Logging Driver: json-file
Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
Plugins:
Volume: local
Network: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlay
Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local logentries splunk syslog
Swarm: inactive
Runtimes: runc
Default Runtime: runc
Init Binary: docker-init
containerd version: d50db0a42053864a270f648048f9a8b4f24eced3.m
runc version: dc9208a3303feef5b3839f4323d9beb36df0a9dd
init version: fec3683
Security Options:
apparmor
seccomp
Profile: default
Kernel Version: 5.3.18-1-MANJARO
Operating System: Manjaro Linux
OSType: linux
Architecture: x86_64
CPUs: 16
Total Memory: 31.38GiB
Name: pc
ID: 2BWN:6UK6:T2ON:UDHW:FKC6:4ESF:ZKU5:F2DS:CCAB:CK4Z:4IQN:PX2G
Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
Debug Mode: false
Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
Labels:
Experimental: false
Insecure Registries:
127.0.0.0/8
Registry Mirrors:
https://registry.docker-cn.com/
Live Restore Enabled: false
参考资料¶
觉得 Docker 就是套娃的黄健宏
2020.2.20